op milwaukee



Nov. 23 1926.

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Patented Nov. 23, 1926.

Y UNITED STATES CARL G. SPRADO, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR T0 ALLIS-CHALMERS MANU- PATENT OFFICE.

FACTURING COMPANY, OF MILW'AUKEE, WSCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF DELA WARE.

Application filed June 12,

This invention relates in general to improvements 1n the construction and operation of internal combustion engines, and relates specifically to an improved method of the atomized fuel to the combustion chamber of the engine. Still another object is to reduce to a minimum the cost of construction and operation of fluent fuel injection devices for internal combustion engines.

The invention consists primarily in the provision of a pair of coaxial fluid-pressure actuated valves located one within the other j high velocity, imping-es against the swirling mass of fluid produced by the tangential jets, thereby effectively atomizing the liquid fuel which is subsequently delivered through an orifice to the combustion chamber of the engine.

The fluid controlling valves are normally urged toward their seats by means of adjustable springs and are lifted by means of p is movably mounted concentrlcally of and the pressure of the fluent Ifuel acting upon surfaces Vof the valves. Means are also pro-V vided for releasing the fluid pressure thereby positively preventing opening of the valves and stopping the operation of the engine.

AV clear conception of an embodiment of the invention and of the manner of operation ofthe novel fuel injection device, may be had by referring to thedrawing accompanying` and forming a part of this specifi- FUEL-INJECTION DEVICE.

1920. serial No. 388,996.

cation, in which like reference characters designatethe same or similar parts in the various views.

vFig. l is a transverse vertical section through a 'fuel injection device applicable to an internal combustion engine of the Diesel type. Y i

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary central vertical section through the delivery portion of the fuel injection device, showing the detailed structure thereof.

F 3 is an enlarged transverse horizontal section through the fuel injection device, the offset fragment of .the section being taken near the delivery end of the device along the line III-III of Fig. 2. Y

The fuel injection device comprises general-ly, a pair of fluid pressure actuated valves 2, 3, a bushing 4c within which the valves 2, 3 are located, a valve supporting casing 6, a delivery element 10 secured to the casing 6, and a jacket 7 within which the casing 6 is mounted and which serves as a means of connecting the injection device to the cylinder head 8 of an internal combustion engine.

The fluid pressure actuated needle valve 2 is movably mounted concentrically of and within a bore of the sleeve valve 3 and is adapted to. control the lowof fluent fuel through the axial passage 32 formed in the valve 3. The needle valve 2 is guided by the sleeve valve bore and is urged toward` its seat Slvby means of a compression spring 14.- one end of which acts upon the end of a cap associated with the valve and the opposite end of which reacts against an upper inner surface of the sleeve valve plunger 16. The lower end of the needle valve 2 is of -reduced diameter thus forming an annular chamber 26 and also providing a valve lifting pressure surface 28 of suitable area.

The fluid pressure actuated sleeve valve 3 of the spring cap 18. rlhe spring cap 18 is secured to the main casing 6 by means of scren7 threads, thereby providing means for adjusting the tension of the spring 15. rlhe lower end of the sleeve valve 3 is of reduced external diameter thus forming an annular chamber 27 and also providing a valvev lifting pressure surface 29 of suitable area. T ie annular chambers 26, 27 are connected by means of radial conduits 25 formed in the sleeve valve 3.

The buhing Ll is fixedly mounted Withina bore of the casing 6, being detachably held Within this bore by means of the nozzle element 10. rl`he bushing 4 is provided with diametrically opposite longitudinal recesses 5 which are connected Vwith the annular chamber 27 by means of radial conduits 2-1- formed in the bushing. The lower extremity of the bushing l cut away to forman annular chamber 22 whereby 'a connection is established between the recesses 5 and the tangential passages 23. The nozzle element which holds the bushing l in place is provided With a discharge orifice 11 located in line with the axial passage 32, through which the atomized fuel is delivered tc the combustion chamber ofA the engine.

rljhe main casing 6 which supports the bushing i, element 10 and the valves 2, 3 is mounted within the water jacket 7 being secured to the j aclet in any suitable manner. The space between thejaclret 7 and the casing G provides an annular .cooling Water chamber 21 to which cooling Water maybe admitted through an inlet pipe 19 and from which the water may be delivered through a dischargepipe 20. The casing v6 is provided With a conduit which connects .the fluent fuel supply pipe 9 with the longitudinal recesses 5. in the casing 6 communicates Vwith the atmosphere througl'i a port 17 and is also communicable with lthe receses 5 uponopening of the valve 12. The pressure relief valve 12 is manually operable and is opened only when it is desired to prevent operation of thel injection device.

During normal operation of the fuel injection device and of the internal combustion engine with which it is associated, fluent fuel is intermittently urged through the inlet pipe 9, recesses 5 and conduits 24, 25 into the chambers 26, 27 by means of a suitable pump not shown. As the pressure of the fuel within the chambers 26, 27 and acting upon the surfaces 28,. 29, becomes sufficient to compress the springs 14, 15, the valves2, 3 are lifted from their seats 31, 30 respective- Y ly, and fluent fuel is discharged yfrom the chambers 22, 6 through the passages 23, 32 ifi'ely. The tangential jets delivered from the passages 23 advance along and form a whirling vortex of fluid below the sleeve valve its the axial jet of fluid de- A relief port 13 formed' livered from the passage 32 and flowing at high velocity, strikes this whirling mass of fluid below thD valve 3 it produces complete atomization of the fluid. rEhe atomized fuel is urged through the discharge orifice 11 and delivered into the combustion chamber of theencine in the form of a homogeneous spray. lt will be obvious that delivery of Vfuel to the combustion chamber takes place during each compression stroke of the supply pump. l I

,lf it is desired to prevent-delivery of fuel to the engine combustion chamber, and to thereby stop the engine, itis only necessary to ,open the relief valve 12thereby preventing establishment of pressure in the chambers 26, 27 by establishing open communication to the atmosphere. n

It Will be noted that the entire structure isrreadily accessible for inspection and may be easily dismantled and assembled. The tension ofthe springs 14, 15, may be quickly varied to adjust the time and the extent of opening ofthe valves 2, 3. All parts of the structure are readily machinable and may be kept free from accumulation of dirt. The cooling jacket 7 serves to prevent excessive temperatures and the entire operation of the device is automatic. lVhile the valves 2, 3 have been illustrated as vertically disposed, it is obvious thatthe loperation Will not be affected by other dispositions thereof.

lt should be understood that it is not desired to limitthe invention to the exact details of constructionL and of the operation herein shown land described for obvious modiiicationsivithin the scope of the appended claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

lt is claimed and desired to Secure by Letters Patent: Y

1. In combination, a main valve having an axis and a discharge orifice concentric With said axis, said axis being surrounded by internal and external seating surfaces, an auxiliary valve coacting with' said internal surface to control delivery Vof fluidfrom said orifice axially of said main valve, said valves each having actuating means exposed to pressure fluid Within the valvechamber to effect the opening of the respective valves by fluid pressure, and means forming a conduit controllable by said main valve and terminatingtangentially relatively to. a circle circumscribing said axis closely adjacent to said external surface. e

2. In combination, ainain valve having an axis and a discharge orifice concentricV with said axis, said axis being surrounded -by internal and external seating surfaces, an auxiliary valve coacting Withsaid internal surface to control delivery of fluid from said orifice axially of said main valve, said valves each having actuating means. exposed' to; pressure fluid within the lvalvefchainberj :o

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effect the opening of the respective valves by fluid pressure, means forming a conduit controllable by said main valve and terminating tangentially relatively to a circle circumscribing said axis closely adjacent t0 said external surface, and means for connecting the valve chamber' to tlie atmosphere to prevent the opening of the valves by fluid pressure.

3. In combination, a main valvel having an axis and a discharge orifice concentric With said axis, said axis being surrounded by internal and external seating surfaces tapering in the same direction and converging toward opposite ends of said orifice, an auxiliary valve coacting with said internal surface to control delivery of liuid from said orifice axially of said main valve, said valves each having actuating means exposed to pressure fluid Within the valve chamber to effect opening of the respective valves by iuid pressure7 and means forming a conduit controllable by said main valve and terminating tangentially relatively to a circle circumscribing said axis closely adjacent to said external surface.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is affixed hereto.

CARL G. SPRADO. 

